Chalazion: a blocked oil gland in the eyelid

A chalazion is a lump or swelling caused when one of the oil-producing meibomian glands within the eyelid becomes blocked. These glands run vertically through the upper and lower eyelids and normally release oil that stabilises the tear film and slows the evaporation of tears.

When the gland opening becomes blocked, oily secretions are retained within the eyelid and produce a local inflammatory response. The resulting chalazion may be firm, swollen, tender or uncomfortable. Larger chalazia can press against the eye and temporarily blur or distort vision.

Anyone can develop a chalazion, including children and adults. They can affect the upper or lower eyelid, and more than one may occur at the same time. Chalazia are more common in people with blepharitis, meibomian gland dysfunction, rosacea or eczema, and they can sometimes recur.

Warm compresses and eyelid massage

A clean, comfortably warm compress placed over the closed eyelid for several minutes, a minimum of three to four times a day, may soften the retained material. Gentle massage towards the eyelashes afterwards may encourage drainage.

Do not squeeze or try to pop the lump, as this can spread inflammation or infection into the surrounding tissue.

Treatment for a persistent chalazion

If a chalazion persists beyond four weeks, it will likely require specialist intervention. Depending on its size, duration and appearance, treatment options can include an intralesional steroid injection, in which anti-inflammatory medication is placed directly into the chalazion, or minor chalazion surgery to drain the retained material.

When an eyelid lump should be examined

Many chalazia gradually settle over several weeks. Arrange an eye assessment if a lump persists, repeatedly returns in the same location, distorts the eyelid, causes loss of eyelashes, bleeds, ulcerates or affects vision.

Although serious causes are uncommon, a persistent or atypical eyelid lump should not automatically be assumed to be another chalazion.

Seek prompt medical care if redness, pain or swelling spreads beyond the lump, or if vision changes.

Eye & Retina Specialists Sydney in Green Square/Waterloo assesses persistent and recurrent eyelid lumps when specialist review is appropriate.

Learn more about chalazion surgery, intralesional steroid injection and other treatment options in Sydney: https://www.eyeandretina.com.au/chalazion-surgery-sydney

Any surgical or invasive procedure carries risks. Before proceeding, you should seek a second opinion from an appropriately qualified health practitioner.